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| Catalog Number | CI-SC-0737 |
| Product Name | Retinol (CAS 68-26-8) |
| CAS | 68-26-8 |
| Description | Retinol is a commonly used term to refer to Vitamin A1 or Retinoids, which are a group of vitamin A derivatives that are used in skincare products to improve the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, and uneven skin tone. Retinol works by accelerating the turnover of skin cells, which can help to eliminate dead skin cells, unclog pores, and stimulate collagen production. This can result in smoother, firmer, and more radiant looking skin. However, retinol can be irritating to some people's skin, especially at high concentrations, so it is important to use retinol products as directed and follow a skincare routine that includes moisturizing and sunscreen protection. |
| Appearance | odorless and insoluble in water but soluble in oil |
| Application | 1. Retinol is commonly used in cosmetic products for its anti-aging properties. 2. It promotes cell turnover, which can help to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. 3. It is also effective in treating acne by unclogging pores and reducing inflammation. 4. It can also improve skin texture and tone by stimulating collagen production. 5. Retinol has been shown to have a positive effect on hyperpigmentation and age spots. 6. In addition to its skin benefits, retinol has also been studied for its potential role in preventing certain types of cancer. |
| Features And Benefits | 1. Improves skin texture and tone 2. Reduces the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles 3. Increases collagen production 4. Unclogs pores and reduces acne 5. Helps fade dark spots and hyperpigmentation 6. Boosts skin radiance and glow 7. Enhances skin firmness and elasticity 8. Stimulates cell turnover to reveal smoother skin 9. Helps protect against environmental stressors 10. Can improve overall skin health and function. |
Kong, Rong, et al. Journal of cosmetic dermatology 15.1 (2016): 49-57.
Challenge: Retinol, a precursor to retinoic acid, offers anti-aging benefits with better skin tolerance. However, studies directly comparing the effects of retinol and retinoic acid on the skin are limited.
Solution: This case study highlights findings from a comparative analysis of retinol and retinoic acid on skin structure, molecular activity, and wrinkle reduction. Skin samples were evaluated using histology and confocal microscopy. Gene and protein expressions (COL1A1, COL3A1, procollagen I & III) were measured. A 12-week clinical test assessed wrinkle improvement from retinol use.
Key Findings:
· Structural Improvements: Both retinol and RA significantly increased epidermal thickness after 4 weeks. Retinol induced similar dermal restructuring as RA, though with reduced intensity
· Molecular Activation: Upregulated collagen synthesis genes COL1A1 (Type 1 collagen) and COL3A1 (Type 3 collagen), and increased procollagen I/III protein expression.
· Visible Results: Significant wrinkle reduction confirmed after 12 weeks of retinol application.
· Mechanistic Insight: Although the changes were smaller, retinol induced similar changes in skin histology, gene and protein expression compared with retinoic acid.
Wang, Yuan, et al. Scientific Reports 14.1 (2024): 22793.
Objective: Investigate the transdermal behavior and mechanism of retinol in semisolid cosmetic formulations.
Analysis: In vitro: modified Franz diffusion cells + Raman spectroscopy. In vivo: HPLC analysis of retinol in skin/plasma (mice, rats). Mechanism study: skin transcriptomics (rats).
Key Findings:
· Retinol mainly accumulated in the stratum corneum. It did not cross the full skin barrier or enter systemic circulation within 24 hours in both in vitro (Franz cells, multiple models) and in vivo (mice, rats) studies.
· Penetration Depth: Measured ~16 μm penetration depth (total 34 μm) in pig skin using Raman spectroscopy. Measurement in mouse/rat skin was hindered by background interference.
· Mechanism: Transcriptomics identified 126 upregulated genes in rat skin linked to "retinoid metabolic process" and "transporter activity," including Stra6 and Aldh1a3. This suggests retinol's action is localized to epidermal processes affecting skin/epithelial development.
· IVIV Correlation: In vivo absorption through full-thickness skin was approximately three times higher than ex vivo absorption for two tested formulations.
What are the primary benefits of using retinol for the skin?
Retinol is widely recognized for its ability to improve skin health and appearance. It enhances skin elasticity, thickens the epidermis and dermis, and normalizes dry skin. Additionally, it helps reverse photodamage, reduces scaliness, and normalizes the scalp when used in hair care products.
How does retinol contribute to overall health and bodily functions?
Retinol, a form of vitamin A, plays a vital role in maintaining essential bodily functions. It is crucial for vision, supports the immune system, aids in tissue differentiation, and maintains cell membrane structure. Retinol is also necessary for the growth and health of teeth, nails, bones, hair, and skin.
What are the challenges associated with formulating retinol?
Retinol presents several formulation challenges due to its instability. It is sensitive to heat, oxygen, and heavy metals, requiring specific formulation conditions. Retinol should be added to emulsions at 40°C (104°F) and should include antioxidants like tocopherol and ascorbyl palmitate. It is incompatible with BHT, sensitive to certain pH levels, and requires opaque, tight packaging to prevent light and oxygen exposure.
Why do some manufacturers prefer using vitamin A Palmitate over retinol?
Manufacturers often choose vitamin A Palmitate over retinol because it is more stable. Retinol's instability in formulations, sensitivity to environmental factors, and specific manufacturing requirements make stable alternatives like vitamin A Palmitate more preferable for consistent product performance.
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