Poloxamer 407 NF

What is Poloxamer 407 NF used for in personal care products?

Poloxamer 407 NF is primarily utilized for its surfactant properties. In the personal care industry, it is a common ingredient in cosmetics for dissolving oily components in water, facilitating the creation of stable emulsions. It is also used in skincare products to aid in cleansing the skin by lowering the surface tension, enabling the easy rinsing of oil and dirt. Additionally, Poloxamer 407 is included in hair care products to cleanse the scalp and remove impurities, and in oral care products, it can be found in formulations like mouthwashes.

How does Poloxamer 407 function in a formulation?

Poloxamer 407 acts as an emulsifier and a surfactant in formulations. It assists in emulsifying by stabilizing mixtures of oil and water, allowing them to blend uniformly. As a surfactant, it reduces surface tension, enhancing the solubility of various ingredients that typically do not dissolve in water. This dual functionality makes it a valuable contribution to the texture and effectiveness of personal care products.

What is the origin and manufacturing process of Poloxamer 407?

The production of Poloxamers, including Poloxamer 407, involves high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The process begins by combining propylene oxide and ethylene oxide with propylene glycol in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide. This reaction results in a structured polymer with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol blocks surrounding a central hydrophobic polypropylene glycol block. Post-reaction, the catalyst is neutralized, ensuring the completion of the process.

Is Poloxamer 407 safe for use in cosmetics?

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has evaluated the safety of Poloxamer 407 and concluded that it is safe for use in cosmetic products at the typical concentrations and practices of use. However, the panel has noted concerns regarding potential impurities such as 1,4-dioxane, ethylene oxide, and propylene oxide. Ethylene oxide, in particular, is a volatile compound and known human carcinogen. The panel recommends that the cosmetic industry continue employing rigorous purification processes to maintain impurity levels below established safety limits.