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| Catalog Number | CI-FC-0006 |
| Product Name | Decyl glucoside |
| CAS | 141464-42-8 |
| Structure |  |
| Synonyms | D-Glucopyranose, oligomeric, C8-16-alkyl glycosides |
| IUPAC Name | (3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-decoxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
| Molecular Weight | 320.42 g/mol |
| Molecular Formula | C16H32O6 |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C16H32O6/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-21-16-15(20)14(19)13(18)12(11-17)22-16/h12-20H,2-11H2,1H3/t12-,13-,14+,15-,16?/m1/s1 |
| InChI Key | JDRSMPFHFNXQRB-IWQYDBTJSA-N |
| Isomeric SMILES | CCCCCCCCCCOC1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO)O)O)O |
Decyl glucoside is a plant-derived, non-ionic surfactant known for its excellent foaming capabilities and gentle nature, making it suitable for both skin-friendly and environmentally conscious applications. This clear, viscous liquid is odorless, water-soluble, and maintains a pH value ranging from 7.0 to 9.5 when at 10% actives. As an ECOCERT-certified and preservative-free ingredient, decyl glucoside is derived from renewable sources like vegetable oil and starch, ensuring minimal environmental impact while maintaining skin balance. Its exceptional ability to produce dense, creamy foam makes it an ideal choice for "green" hygiene and hair care formulations, including liquid soaps, foaming cleansers, and makeup removers. With its natural and mild qualities, decyl glucoside provides consumers with the assurance of safety and effectiveness in everyday personal care products.
Nunes, Andreia, et al. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2020, 23(4), 809-819.
In this work, the performance of shampoos containing several sugar-derived surfactants, namely, alkyl polyglycosides decyl glucoside and cocoyl glucoside, was formulated and compared.
· Shampoo Formulations Based on Sugar Surfactants
First, three different formulations were prepared containing SLES, cocoyl glucoside, and decyl glucoside as surfactants. Subsequently, four new formulations were prepared containing PEG-200 hydrogenated palm glycerides (and) PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate as thickeners, and SLES and decyl glucoside as surfactants. In the final formulations, polyquaternium-7 or silicone quaternium-22 were added as conditioning agents.
· Properties of Sugar Surfactant-Based Shampoo
The formulated sugar surfactant-based shampoo exhibited the following properties: (i) higher pH than SLES (later lowered with lactic acid); (ii) stronger foaming than SLES and high wettability; (iii) predominantly liquid with Newtonian behavior and suitable viscosity; (iv) low cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes and retinal cell lines (in contrast to SLES); (v) easier combing of hair than SLES when polyquaternium-7 was used as a conditioner; (vi) efficient and mild shampooing; and (vii) good sensory analysis confirming the previous washing performance.
Fiume, Monice M., et al. International Journal of Toxicology, 2013, 32(5), 22S-48S.
This study reviewed safety data concerning 19 alkyl glucosides such as decyl glucoside for use in cosmetics. Most cosmetic products feature rinse-off formulations that use decyl glucoside as a surfactant ingredient at concentrations that do not exceed 33%. In addition, studies have also shown that decyl glucoside acts as an effective stabilizer for nanosuspensions used in skin delivery systems for substances like resveratrol and hesperetin [(S)-2,3-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one]. In summary, experts maintain decyl glucoside remains safe during standard usage and concentration levels when properly formulated to avoid irritation.
Safety Assessment Study Examples
· Clinical HRIPT testing demonstrated that decyl glucoside present in formulations alongside decyl and dodecyl glucoside and coco-glucoside did not cause any irritation or sensitization.
· Decyl, lauryl, cocoyl glucoside and C10-16 alkyl glucoside presented no to mild ocular irritation during alternative system testing at concentrations between 0.6% and 3.0%.
· However, skin irritation may result from using products with the combination of decyl glucoside and other alkyl glucoside ingredients. For example, the HET-CAM assay showed high irritation results for octyl/decyl glucoside. The undiluted form of octyl/decyl glucoside also caused severe irritation to rabbit eyes during testing.
What is Decyl Glucoside?
Decyl Glucoside is a non-ionic surfactant commonly used in personal care products. It is derived from natural sources such as corn glucose and coconut alcohol, making it a popular ingredient in natural and organic formulations.
Is Decyl Glucoside safe for use on the skin?
Yes, Decyl Glucoside is considered safe for use on the skin. Using epicutaneous patch testing (ECT), studies have shown that it has the lowest irritation potential among commonly compared surfactants like Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Laureth Sulfate, and Cocamidopropyl Betaine, making it a gentle choice for sensitive skin.
Does Decyl Glucoside cause eye irritation?
No, Decyl Glucoside does not cause eye irritation. The red blood cell test (RBC) has demonstrated that Decyl Glucoside is non-irritating to ocular and mucous membranes, unlike other surfactants such as Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, which are known to be irritating.
How does Decyl Glucoside compare to other surfactants in terms of irritation potential?
Decyl Glucoside has one of the lowest irritation potentials when compared to other surfactants. Both epicutaneous patch testing (ECT) and red blood cell tests (RBC) indicate that Decyl Glucoside is less irritating than Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Laureth Sulfate, and Cocamidopropyl Betaine.
Can Decyl Glucoside be used in products for people with sensitive skin?
Yes, due to its low irritation potential, Decyl Glucoside is an excellent choice for formulations intended for people with sensitive skin. Its gentle nature makes it suitable for use in products designed to minimize the risk of skin irritation.
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